Core: Bleeding, burns, fractures and damage handling

For a bleeding wound, press directly on it immediately and for at least ten minutes; if an object is stuck in it, don't remove it, but press on either side of it instead. Call 112 for severe or unstoppable bleeding, an object in the wound, deep or penetrating wounds, wounds with fractures, or (impending) shock. You recognise shock by pale, clammy skin, thirst and restlessness, and weakness — protect against cooling, but never give food or drink, even if the victim asks for it. In a fire, cover the flames as fast as possible (blanket or coat, roll on the ground) or extinguish with water. Burns come in three degrees: first-degree is red and painful, second-degree the same plus blisters, third-degree is grey-white or charred black — and it is precisely then that the spot itself stops hurting, only the surrounding area does. Cool any burn for ±10 minutes with lukewarm, gently running water, never ice-cold, and prevent hypothermia. Remove clothing, but always leave blisters intact: don't pop them, no burn ointment. Cover with sterile dressing or a clean cloth; approved burn gel (>90% water) may also be used as a heat conductor. Fractures are not life-threatening and need no acute emergency aid. For an open fracture, treat it like a bleed: cover the wound, don't bind it, and don't try to straighten it. For material damage only, handling comes last: photos of the situation, the other party's name and licence plate, witnesses' contact details, and filling in the European accident report form together — on paper or via an app. Police often don't attend small accidents, or only to keep traffic flowing; only with deaths, injuries or major material damage does the police draw up an official report. Only your insurance company can request that report, not you yourself.