Theory Mastery

Mandatory lights front and rear

A passenger car must have side lights, dipped and main-beam headlights at the front and tail lights, brake lights, number-plate lighting and two red retro-reflectors at the rear; direction indicators are mandatory on both sides. A fire extinguisher or first-aid kit is not an inspection requirement.

Source: RVV 1990 art. 32 · checked 2026-10-23

How the exam asks it

About Required lighting and the MOT (APK): which statement is correct?

  1. Besides the owner/keeper, the driver is ALSO liable, as soon as the motor vehicle is actually driven on the road.
  2. With an expired APK only the person driving the car is liable; the owner who lends the car out is not.
  3. A fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit are legally required in the car.
  4. In fog you switch to full beam, because that gives more visibility.
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Correct answer: Besides the owner/keeper, the driver is ALSO liable, as soon as the motor vehicle is actually driven on the road.

Besides the owner/keeper, the driver is ALSO liable, as soon as the motor vehicle is actually driven on the road. Two liable parties at once, not one

Why learners get this wrong: With an expired APK only the person driving the car is liable; the owner who lends the car out is not.

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With an expired MOT (APK), only the owner or keeper is liable, not the driver.

  1. False
  2. True
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Correct answer: False

Besides the owner/keeper, the driver is ALSO liable, as soon as the motor vehicle is actually driven on the road. Two liable parties at once, not one

Why learners get this wrong: With an expired MOT (APK), only the owner or keeper is liable, not the driver.

Open this question

About Required lighting and the MOT (APK): which statement is WRONG?

  1. Besides the owner/keeper, the driver is ALSO liable, as soon as the motor vehicle is actually driven on the road.
  2. 'If visibility is less than 50 metres due to very dense fog or heavy snowfall (NOT in rain!) you may switch on your rear fog light.' In rain the rear fog light stays off, even below 50 m visibility.
  3. A fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit are legally required in the car.
  4. By day with seriously impaired visibility (such as fog) dipped headlights are required, not full beam.
Show the answer

Correct answer: A fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit are legally required in the car.

The passenger-car requirements name no fire extinguisher and no first-aid kit. Both are sensible, neither is an inspection requirement

Why learners get this wrong: With an expired MOT (APK), only the owner or keeper is liable, not the driver.

Open this question

The passenger-car requirements name no fire extinguisher and no first-aid kit.

  1. False
  2. True
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Correct answer: True

The passenger-car requirements name no fire extinguisher and no first-aid kit. Both are sensible, neither is an inspection requirement

Why learners get this wrong: A fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit are legally required in the car.

Open this question

About Required lighting and the MOT (APK): which statement is correct?

  1. A fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit are legally required in the car.
  2. With an expired MOT (APK), only the owner or keeper is liable, not the driver.
  3. In heavy rain you switch on the rear fog light, because visibility is poor then too.
  4. By day with seriously impaired visibility (such as fog) dipped headlights are required, not full beam.
Show the answer

Correct answer: By day with seriously impaired visibility (such as fog) dipped headlights are required, not full beam.

By day with seriously impaired visibility (such as fog) dipped headlights are required, not full beam. Full beam is moreover forbidden when meeting or following other traffic

Why learners get this wrong: A fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit are legally required in the car.

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