Core: Overtaking: the F1 sign and the five exceptions to left-overtaking

First the distinction the book itself makes (Book p.140): overtaking (inhalen) is passing a moving driver going the same direction; passing (voorbijgaan) is passing something stationary — a parked vehicle, an obstacle, a pedestrian. The main rule is: overtake on the left. Overtaking on the right is only allowed in five, explicitly named, cases (Book p.141): right before and at roundabouts; when you are driving to the right of a block marking; when overtaking a traffic jam; when the driver being overtaken has already pre-sorted left and is signalling left; when the vehicle being overtaken is a tram. The F1 sign belongs to the overtake-on-the-left main rule: it is a round sign with a RED border and a WHITE background, showing a black car overtaking a red car (Book p.145) — not a blue sign. It prohibits motor vehicles from overtaking EACH OTHER; agricultural vehicles may still be overtaken at this sign. F2 shows the end of that prohibition (grey/white with a diagonal stripe); F3 is the same prohibition but specifically for lorries (red border, truck icons); F4 shows the end of that one. Two other places where overtaking is prohibited regardless of any sign: right before or at a pedestrian crossing (zebra crossing), and at a solid line between lanes — unless that line is combined with a dashed line on YOUR side, in which case you may overtake.